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Brief Formatting: Step One: Use the Template (Apply Styles)

Appellate Brief Template

Do not try to manually create your Table of Contents or Table of Authorities. Word has tools to partially automate these processes.

About the Template: Formatting Requirements

What does the brief template do?

The template makes it easier for you to format your brief. It provides

  • Prompts indicating the information the cover page needs to include, so you can edit accordingly. (Keep the lines between sections.)
  • The required pagination (no number on cover, lower-case Roman numerals for the preliminary pages, and Arabic numbers starting with the Statement of Jurisdiction)
  • Section headings, which are also already listed in your initial table of contents
  • Styles that will help you format different brief elements and include all needed entries in the table of contents

More about Styles

The Word home menu provides styles that can be customized to apply multiple formatting choices, including font, paragraph spacing, alignment, numbering (through multilevel list options), and more.

Microsoft Word Home menu showing Styles

The template has already defined the following styles:

  • Paragraphs - Use for regular paragraphs. Puts text in Times New Roman 12 point and makes the paragraphs double spaced with a first line indent.
  • Heading 1 - Used for the section headings (Summary of the Case, Table of Contents, etc.) Puts text in Times New Roman 12 point bold and centered. This style is included in the table of contents as a first level heading. Because these are all already set up in the template, you should not need to use Heading 1.
  • Heading 2 - Use for main Point Headings. Puts text in Times New Roman, 12 point, all caps with the paragraph assigned an outline level (numbering) of a Roman numeral and indented accordingly. This style is included in the table of contents as a second level heading. As needed, you will need to apply this style. Note: Do not use for the Issue(s) listed under the Statement of the Issues because you do not want that text to appear in the table of contents.
  • Heading 3 - Use for point sub-headings. Puts text in Times New Roman, 12 point, with the paragraph assigned an outline level (numbering) of a letter and indented accordingly. This style is included in the table of contents as a third level heading. As needed, you will need to apply this style. Note: Applying this style does not automatically put the heading in title case; you will have to do that yourself. 
  • Heading 4 - Use for point sub-subheadings. Puts text in Times New Roman, 12 point with the paragraph numbered with an Arabic numeral and indented accordingly. This style is included in the table of contents as a fourth level heading. As needed, you will need to apply this style. Note: Applying this style does not automatically put the heading in sentence case; you will have to do that yourself.
  • Heading 5 - Use for point sub-sub-subheadings. Puts text in Times New Roman, 12 point with the paragraph numbered with a lower case letter and indented accordingly. This style is included in the table of contents as a fifth level heading. As needed, you will need to apply this style. Note: Applying this style does not automatically put the heading in sentence case; you will have to do that yourself.

To apply a style, select the text you want to format to highlight it, and then click on the desired style on the Word ribbon from the Home menu. Be sure to review to make sure it looks the way you want. (For instance, Heading 3 does not automatically put the text in title case.)

Apply styles as you write to help you navigate your argument.

Warning: Hidden Text

When working with the template, I strongly recommend having the Show/Hide paragraph button turned on. This is in the Home menu on the ribbon and looks like this: Show/Hide paragraph button in Microsoft Word - the keyboard shortcut is Control - asterisk

Showing these hidden characters will help ensure you do not accidentally delete the section breaks that help format the page numbers.

Watch how to view hidden characters and apply styles

Make brief formatting easier by using the template. This video explains how to apply styles and view hidden characters so you save time on your formatting and do not inadvertently delete page numbers.

0:00 Access the Template
0:14 Show Hidden Characters
0:35 Page and Section Breaks
1:03 What are Styles, and which are in the template?
1:48 Applying Styles

Practice Applying Styles

Other Information

If you want to dive deeper, these resources might be useful.

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